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AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION BOARD
SECONDARY SCHOOL CERTIFICATE
CLASS X
MODEL EXAMINATIONS
Physics Paper I
Time: 1 hour 10 minutes Marks: 40
INSTRUCTIONS
Please read the following instructions carefully.
- Read each question carefully.
- Answer the questions on the separate answer sheet provided. DO NOT write your answers on the question paper.
- There are 100 answer numbers on the answer sheet. Use answer numbers 1 to 40 only.
- In each question there are four choices A, B, C, D. Choose ONE. On the answer grid black out the circle for your choice with a pencil.
- If you want to change your answer, ERASE the first answer completely with a rubber, before blacking out a new circle.
- DO NOT write anything in the answer grid. The computer only records what is in the circles.
- You may use a simple calculator if you wish.
Physics Paper I • CLASS X (2025)Total 40 Examination Items • SLO Mapped
Q.1.
If the particles of a medium vibrate in the direction of propagation of the wave, then it is called a/ an
2025 Syllabus: SLO 11.3.1 • Wave Motion ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (11.3.1): identify transverse and longitudinal waves in mechanical media;
A.
surface wave.
B.
transverse wave.
C.
longitudinal wave.
D.
electromagnetic wave.
Q.2.
If the frequency of a wave is doubled, then the time period of the wave will
2025 Syllabus: SLO 11.4.2 • Wave Motion ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (11.4.2): analyse key characteristics of waves by interpreting graphical representations of waveforms;
A.
become double.
B.
decrease to half.
C.
remain the same.
D.
decrease to a quarter.
Q.3.
If the time period of a simple pendulum is 2 s on the surface of the Earth, then the time period of the same pendulum on the surface of the Moon will be
2025 Syllabus: SLO 11.1.3 • Wave Motion ↗Cognitive Level: A (Application)
2025 SLO Outcome (11.1.3): solve word problems related to time period of a simple pendulum;
A.
greater than 2 s.
B.
equal to 2 s.
C.
less than 2 s.
D.
equal to 0 s.
Q.4.
If a mechanical wave moves from a rare to the denser medium, then which of the following factors will change during refraction?
I.Wavelength
II.Speed of the wave
III.Frequency of the wave
2025 Syllabus: SLO 11.5.1 • Wave Motion ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (11.5.1): define the following terms:
a. reflection,
b. refraction,
c. diffraction;
A.
I only
B.
III only
C.
I and II
D.
II and III
Q.5.
The sound energy passes per second through a unit area held perpendicular to the direction of propagation of sound waves.
The characteristics of the sound identified from the given statement is its
2025 Syllabus: SLO 12.2.4 • Sound ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (12.2.4): describe the intensity level of sound and mention its unit;
A.
pitch.
B.
quality.
C.
intensity.
D.
loudness.
Q.6.
When sound is incident on the surface of a medium, it bounces back into the first medium.
This phenomenon is called
2025 Syllabus: SLO 12.3.1 • Sound ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (12.3.1): describe an echo as the reflection of sound waves;
A.
an echo.
B.
the acoustic.
C.
the loudness of sound.
D.
the amplitude of sound.
Q.7.
Which of the following characteristics of a musical sound depends upon the frequency?
2025 Syllabus: SLO 12.2.2 • Sound ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (12.2.2): describe graphically the effect of changes in amplitude on loudness and the effect of changes in frequency on the pitch of sound;
A.
Pitch
B.
Quality
C.
Loudness
D.
Amplitude
Q.8.
Four vibrating objects X1, X2, X3 and X4 are producing sounds. The object that produces the loudest sound is
2025 Syllabus: SLO 12.2.1 • Sound ↗Cognitive Level: A (Application)
2025 SLO Outcome (12.2.1): define the terms ‘pitch’, ‘loudness’ and ‘quality of sound’;
A.
X1 (Area: 5 m², Amplitude: 4 cm)
B.
X2 (Area: 6 m², Amplitude: 4 cm)
C.
X3 (Area: 10 m², Amplitude: 1 cm)
D.
X4 (Area: 10 m², Amplitude: 5 cm)
Q.9.
All of the following are the uses of a compound microscope EXCEPT it
2025 Syllabus: SLO 13.7.2 • Geometrical Optics ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (13.7.2): describe the use of a single lens (magnifying glass) with its ray diagram;
A.
is used for observing microorganisms.
B.
helps human beings in the field of medical testing.
C.
helps to find the heavenly bodies in the outer space.
D.
is used in forensics to examine evidences collected from a crime scene.
Q.10.
An object is placed between the principal focus (F) and the centre of curvature (2F). An image will be formed on the other side of the convex lens
2025 Syllabus: SLO 13.7.1 • Geometrical Optics ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (13.7.1): define least distance of distinct vision;
A.
at F.
B.
at 2F.
C.
beyond 2F.
D.
between F and 2F.
Q.11.
If an image is formed at a distance of 32 cm from a concave mirror with focal length of 12 cm, then the object’s distance is
2025 Syllabus: SLO 13.5.3 • Geometrical Optics ↗Cognitive Level: A (Application)
2025 SLO Outcome (13.5.3): differentiate between real and virtual images;
A.
– 0.052 cm.
B.
– 19.2 cm.
C.
20.0 cm.
D.
32.0 cm.
Q.12.
The floor of a filled water tank appears at a depth of 3 m. If the refractive index of water is 1.33, then the actual depth of the water is
2025 Syllabus: SLO 13.2.4 • Geometrical Optics ↗Cognitive Level: A (Application)
2025 SLO Outcome (13.2.4): illustrate the passage of light ray through parallel-sided
transparent material (glass slab);
A.
0.44 m.
B.
1.67 m.
C.
2.25 m.
D.
3.99 m.
Q.13.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the image formed by a convex mirror?
2025 Syllabus: SLO 13.1.2 • Geometrical Optics ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (13.1.2): state laws of reflection of light;
A.
It is real.
B.
It is inverted.
C.
It is smaller than the object.
D.
It is always formed at the principal focus.
Q.14.
Two capacitors of capacitance 6 µF and 3 µF are connected in a series across a cell of 18 V. The equivalent (effective) capacitance will be
Out of 2025 SyllabusCognitive Level: A (Application)
A.
2 µF.
B.
3 µF.
C.
6 µF.
D.
9 µF.
Q.15.
All of the following are the precautions which should be taken during installation of any electrical equipment EXCEPT
2025 Syllabus: SLO 15.8.5 • Electric Current ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (15.8.5): describe the usage of A.C. in daily life (switches, fuses, circuit breakers);
A.
turn off any attached peripherals.
B.
wear shoes with non-conductive rubber soles.
C.
attach the electrical equipment to the AC power.
D.
disconnect any telecommunication lines from the system.
Q.16.
The electric force of repulsion between two electrons at a distance of 1 m is
(Note: The value of the constant of proportionality is and the charge on electron is .)
2025 Syllabus: SLO 14.2.2 • Electrostatics ↗Cognitive Level: A (Application)
2025 SLO Outcome (14.2.2): explain Coulomb’s law;
A.
.
B.
.
C.
.
D.
.
Q.17.
The equivalent capacitance of the given combination of the capacitors will be
(Note: , , connected in parallel based on standard textbook diagram layouts)
Out of 2025 SyllabusCognitive Level: A (Application)
A.
0.067 µF.
B.
0.6 µF.
C.
5 µF.
D.
15 µF.
Q.18.
All electrical appliances are connected in parallel to each other between the live and neutral wires.
In light of the given statement, which of the following options is TRUE for electric current and potential difference?
2025 Syllabus: SLO 16.1.2 • D.C. Circuits ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (16.1.2): derive the effective/ equivalent resistance of resistors connected in series and in parallel;
A.
Remains the same | Remains the same
B.
Remains the same | Varies
C.
Varies | Remains the same
D.
Varies | Varies
Q.19.
If the length and diametre of a solid cylindrical shape conductor is doubled, then the resistance will
2025 Syllabus: SLO 15.3.3 • Electric Current ↗Cognitive Level: A (Application)
2025 SLO Outcome (15.3.3): describe the phenomenon of superconductivity in solids;
A.
reduce to half.
B.
reduce to quarter.
C.
increase two times.
D.
increase four times.
Q.20.
Consider two metallic conductors A and B. Suppose, the length of a metallic conductor A is increased and the cross-sectional area of the metallic conductor B is also increased.
With reference to the given situations, the resistance of the conductors:
2025 Syllabus: SLO 15.3.2 • Electric Current ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (15.3.2): describe the following factors affecting the resistance of a metallic conductor: a. length of a conductor, b. cross-sectional area of a conductor, c. nature of a conductor, d. temperature of a conductor;
A.
increases | increases
B.
increases | decreases
C.
decreases | increases
D.
decreases | decreases
Q.21.
Which of the following points (1 to 4) in the given circuit will receive the lowest magnitude of current?
2025 Syllabus: SLO 16.1.3 • D.C. Circuits ↗Cognitive Level: A (Application)
2025 SLO Outcome (16.1.3): calculate the effective/ equivalent resistance of resistors connected in series, parallel and both;
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D.
4
Q.22.
The purpose of using a transformer in an electric circuit is to
2025 Syllabus: SLO 18.5.1 • Electromagnetic Induction ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (18.5.1): describe the construction and the principle of operation of a simple iron-cored transformer;
A.
alter the electrical power.
B.
adjust the electrical energy.
C.
fluctuate the magnetic field.
D.
change the voltage or current.
Q.23.
The direction of force on a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field can be determined by
2025 Syllabus: SLO 17.4.3 • Magnetism and Electromagnetism ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (17.4.3): describe the effect on the magnetic force of reversing the direction of current and magnetic field;
A.
Joule’s law.
B.
Coulomb’s law.
C.
Head to tail rule.
D.
Fleming’s left-hand rule.
Q.24.
If a conductor passes through a magnetic field twice with different speeds, then which of the following option is CORRECT with respect to speed and induced electromotive force (e.m.f.)?
2025 Syllabus: SLO 18.2.1 • Electromagnetic Induction ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (18.2.1): state Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction;
A.
High / Increased
B.
Low / Unchanged
C.
Low / Increased
D.
High / Decreased
Q.25.
If the current through a coil of an electromagnet reverses, then the
2025 Syllabus: SLO 17.3.2 • Magnetism and Electromagnetism ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (17.3.2): describe the effect of changing the magnitude and direction of the current on the magnetic field;
A.
magnetic field increases.
B.
magnetic field decreases.
C.
direction of the magnetic field reverses.
D.
direction of the magnetic field remains the same.
Q.26.
Electromagnets are commonly used in all of the following electrical instruments EXCEPT
2025 Syllabus: SLO 17.3.3 • Magnetism and Electromagnetism ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (17.3.3): describe the magnetic effect of a current in:
a. loudspeakers,
b. relays in switching circuits;
A.
irons.
B.
motors.
C.
toasters.
D.
generators.
Q.27.
Which of the following symbolises of a NAND gate?
2025 Syllabus: SLO 19.5.5 • Electromagnetic Waves and Electronics ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (19.5.5): state the action of logic gates in truth table form with two inputs;
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
Q.28.
Cathode Rays Oscilloscope (CRO) is NOT used
2025 Syllabus: SLO 19.3.3 • Electromagnetic Waves and Electronics ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (19.3.3): interpret waveforms on oscilloscopes;
A.
as a voltmeter.
B.
to measure alternating and direct currents.
C.
to measure the effects of background radiation.
D.
to study the effects of electric field on moving charges.
Q.29.
All of the following are the fundamental gates EXCEPT
2025 Syllabus: SLO 19.5.4 • Electromagnetic Waves and Electronics ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (19.5.4): identify and make the symbols for the logic gates; (NOT, OR, AND, NOR and NAND)
A.
OR.
B.
NOT.
C.
NOR.
D.
AND.
Q.30.
In thermionic emission, a beam of tiny particles is emitted upon heating the filament. These particles are known as
2025 Syllabus: SLO 19.2.1 • Electromagnetic Waves and Electronics ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (19.2.1): explain the process of thermionic emission emitted from a filament;
A.
protons.
B.
electrons.
C.
beta particles.
D.
alpha particles.
Q.31.
In electronics, the characteristics of an analogue quantity is that it
2025 Syllabus: SLO 19.4.1 • Electromagnetic Waves and Electronics ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (19.4.1): explain the importance of electronics;
A.
can be represented by discrete levels.
B.
randomly selects the sets of quantities.
C.
has a continuous set of values over a given range.
D.
can be described with a finite number of mathematical steps.
Q.32.
Nowadays, laptops are light in weight, small in size and consume less power. All of the following components of information technology (IT) are used to make this possible EXCEPT
Out of 2025 SyllabusCognitive Level: U (Understanding)
A.
hard drive.
B.
world wide web.
C.
read only memory.
D.
random access memory.
Q.33.
All of the following are the advantages of the internet EXCEPT
Out of 2025 SyllabusCognitive Level: U (Understanding)
A.
faster communication.
B.
strong computer security.
C.
big source of information.
D.
quick access to online services.
Q.34.
Light is confined within the core of a simple optical fibre by
2025 Syllabus: SLO 13.4.5 • Geometrical Optics ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (13.4.5): describe the use of total internal reflection in:
a. optical fibre,
b. periscope;
A.
refraction.
B.
diffraction.
C.
polarisation.
D.
total internal reflection.
Q.35.
The largest amount of information can be stored in a/ an
Out of 2025 SyllabusCognitive Level: R
A.
hard disc.
B.
floppy drive.
C.
compact disc.
D.
audio cassette.
Q.36.
According to the Rutherford model, the positive charge in an atom is
2025 Syllabus: SLO 20.1.1 • Atomic and Nuclear Physics ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (20.1.1): describe that the alpha particle scattering experiments provide evidence for:
a. a very small nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space,
b. a nucleus containing most of the mass of the atom,
c. a nucleus that is positively charged;
A.
concentrated at its nucleus.
B.
at the circular orbits of the atom.
C.
at a certain distance from its nucleus.
D.
uniformly spread throughout the atom.
Q.37.
Isotopes of an element can be identified by their I. mass number (A) II. charge number (Z) III. neutron number (N)
2025 Syllabus: SLO 20.3.1 • Atomic and Nuclear Physics ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (20.3.1): define isotopes;
A.
I only.
B.
I and II.
C.
I and III.
D.
II and III.
Q.38.
Gamma rays have penetration power that is
2025 Syllabus: SLO 20.4.5 • Atomic and Nuclear Physics ↗Cognitive Level: R
2025 SLO Outcome (20.4.5): explain that an element may change into another element when radioactivity occurs;
A.
less than alpha and beta particles.
B.
more than alpha and beta particles.
C.
less than alpha, but more than beta particles.
D.
more than alpha, but less than beta particles.
Q.39.
If a radioactive element has a half-life of 60 seconds, then the quantity of the isotope after 120 seconds will be
2025 Syllabus: SLO 20.6.3 • Atomic and Nuclear Physics ↗Cognitive Level: A (Application)
2025 SLO Outcome (20.6.3): draw graphs showing decay curves of these elements;
A.
one-half.
B.
one-sixth.
C.
one-fourth.
D.
one-eighth.
Q.40.
Nuclear fission reaction can be produced in by the bombardment of I. fast neutron II. slow neutron III. thermal neutron
2025 Syllabus: SLO 20.7.1 • Atomic and Nuclear Physics ↗Cognitive Level: U (Understanding)
2025 SLO Outcome (20.7.1): describe nuclear fission and fusion reactions;
A.
I only.
B.
II only.
C.
I and III.
D.
II and III.
S2502-1721110END OF PAPERPhysics Paper I