Computer Science — Chapter-Wise Constructed Response Questions (CRQs)

• 1 mark for correct differentiation on Style of Interaction (typing text commands vs clicking icons/menus).
• 1 mark for correct differentiation on Use of Resource (low memory/keyboard-only vs higher RAM/CPU and mouse/I-O devices).
• 1 mark for correct differentiation on Feedback on Error (text command error lines vs visual pop-up dialogs/alerts).
• 1 mark for correct differentiation on Accessibility (less accessible/requires memorising commands vs highly accessible/intuitive visual icons).

Examiner Commentary (Better Responses): In better responses, candidates showed a clear understanding of the concept and wrote accurate points for each aspect: CLI by typing commands vs GUI by clicking on the interface; fewer vs more hardware/memory resources; error feedback through command text vs visual pop-ups; and CLI being less accessible for novices while GUI is more accessible.

• 1 mark for stating first valid feature of analog signals (e.g., continuous wave form that varies smoothly over time).
• 1 mark for stating second valid feature (e.g., represents physical quantities such as temperature, sound, or pressure with continuous amplitude/frequency).

Examiner Commentary (Better Responses): In better responses, candidates used the correct keywords for analog signals, including continuous wave form, used to measure physical quantities (temperature, time, heat, sound), and a sine-wave diagram.

• 1 mark for first valid disadvantage of WAN compared to LAN (e.g., expensive setup/maintenance cost).
• 1 mark for second valid disadvantage of WAN compared to LAN (e.g., higher latency, lower speed/bandwidth, complex security/maintenance, or dependence on service providers).

Examiner Commentary (Better Responses): In better responses, candidates clearly stated precise disadvantages of WAN compared to LAN: WAN is expensive to set up and maintain, has higher latency, lower bandwidth, and depends on external ISP/telecom service providers.

• Correctly determines the value of X for Iteration 1 (X = 3, or initial X = 1).
• Correctly determines the value of X for Iteration 2 (X = 5, or 3).
• Correctly determines the value of X for Iteration 3 (X = 7, or 5) where X > 5 terminates the loop.

• Declares and initialises var score = 3; and applies the increment operator score++;.
• Displays the updated score on the webpage using document.write(score);.

• Writes the HTML document structure with <title>About Pakistan</title> and heading <h1>Cities of Pakistan</h1>.
• Uses the ordered list <ol>...</ol> container tag.
• Encloses all five city items (Karachi, Lahore, Quetta, Gilgit, Peshawar) inside <li>...</li> tags.

• Creates valid HTML <script>...</script> block and declares var name = "Adnan";.
• Outputs the variable on the webpage using document.write(name);.

• 1 mark for <html> and </html> tags.
• 1 mark for <body> and </body> tags (and heading <h1>Vegetables</h1>).
• 1 mark for <dl> and </dl> definition list container tags in the correct place.
• 1 mark for <dt> and </dt> definition term tags (Lettuce, Cucumbers and Potato, Onion).
• 1 mark for <dd> and </dd> definition description tags (Green Vegetables and Vegetables that are grown under the soil).

<html>
<head>
    <title>Vegetables.html</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Vegetables</h1>
    <dl>
        <dt>Lettuce, Cucumbers</dt>
        <dd>Green Vegetables</dd>
        <dt>Potato, Onion</dt>
        <dd>Vegetables that are grown under the soil</dd>
    </dl>
</body>
</html>

Examiner Commentary (Better Responses): In better responses, candidates used the basic tags `<html>`, `<head>`, and `<body>` correctly and applied the definition list tags (`<dl>`, `<dt>`, and `<dd>`) along with `<h1>Vegetables</h1>` to reproduce the indented definition list layout.

• Identifies customer/market analysis for urban professionals (1 Mark).
• Identifies app user experience, real-time tracking, or digital payment convenience (1 Mark).
• Identifies delivery logistics, restaurant partnerships, or digital marketing strategy (1 Mark).